SECTION B
Answer ALL Questions from this section. (2o Marks)
QUESTION 1
Rearrange the following countries according to Inner Circle English, Expanding Circle and Outer Circle variety of English: [9 Marks]
America, Iran, The Emirates, Gibraltar, Kenya, Japan, New Zealand, Tanzania, Ghana, England, Netherlands, South Africa, Korea, Saudi Arabia, Canada, Australia, Sri Lanka, Papua New Guinea.
QUESTION 2
Distinguish between the following pairs:
a (i) official language and (ii) second language [2 Marks]
b (i) native language and (ii) non-native language [2 Marks]
QUESTION 3
Mention any one country that uses Portuguese as their official language. [1 Mark]
QUESTION 4
Discuss, in three sentences, what is meant when we say English is a regional dialect. [2 Marks]
QUESTION 5
In two sentences explain using an example in each case, what the following terms mean: [2 Marks]
(i) an exoglossic country
(ii) endoglossic country
QUESTION 6
Mention one event that led to the spread of English from England to New Zealand. [1 Mark]
QUESTION 7
Give one word typical of Ghanaian English formed from the word formation process called ‘clipping‘. [1 Mark]
SECTION C
Answer only ONE question form this section. (20 Marks)
QUESTION 1
With examples, discuss how British English differs from American English lexically, phonologically and in the use of idioms. Use at least twelve examples each of the idioms and the lexical items, and at least three examples of the phonological features.
QUESTION 2
Discuss the uniquencss of Educated Ghanaian English from the Standard English under the following:
i) semantic extension
ii) semantic restriction
iii) hybridization
iv) reiteration.
QUESTION 3
In a well-written essay, compare and contrast B. Kachru’s ‘Three Concentric Circle Model’ and that of MacArthur’s ‘Wheel of World Englishes’; drawing attention to their criticisms as well.
